Steel is known to have given a structure that no other can when it comes to construction. The durability and potency that steel provides is not matched by wood or concrete. It is getting more and more common for steel to be used in construction, and people are preferring steel due to its various advantages. Steel buildings are built using various frames as well, for example clearspan, modular, single slope etc. Due to the fact that steel is very much easier and less time consuming when it comes to construction, along with its numerous other factors that have proved advantageous, steel, these days, has become the most sought after way of constructing buildings.
Steel buildings are known to have higher resistance due to their strength, and steel construction does not cost as much as concrete or wood construction usually does. It is important to note that there are various advantages of using steel over wood in construction, and due to the number of places starting to incline towards using steel based on its numerous benefits, it has become awfully common. Steel construction is also environment friendly, and can resist natural calamities like earthquakes. Having known these beneficial qualities of steel building construction, let us go ahead and explore the most common types of steel used in construction.
1. Plain Carbon Steel or Mild Steel
This is the most common type of steel used in building construction, which is also known as mild steel. It is incalculably strong and durable, and ensures a sturdy built. Due to the strength that carbon steel provides, it is hugely useful in buildings and has proved to be of great advantage. It does not crack when bent, it is immensely flexible, and it is ductile and has great plasticity, along with the fact that it can endure calamities like earthquakes without it causing cracks in the steel. This is the most advantageous factor of carbon steel. A steel building is hardly ever prone to collapse or destruct in any form. It can withstand any sort of calamity and is strong enough to not crack, in turn being able to save its occupants. Other construction materials might easily collapse or break down, but steel does not, and carbon steel is highly strong to survive any major problems. Low carbon steel consists of 0.05%-0.25% carbon approximately. This type of steel has two yield points. Low carbon steel is simpler to handle because of its ability of being handled by two yield points, wherein the first yield point is goes a little higher over the second, lower yield point. Mild steel has a density of 7.85 g/cm. Due to its weld ability, plain-carbon steel is higher in strength than any other. However, fire protection is very important in a steel building, and must be given due thought to. Other than that steel construction causes no concerning issues.
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2. Rebar Steel
More commonly known as reinforcing steel, this type of steel is used as a tension device for reinforced concrete or reinforced masonry structure. It is created out of carbon steel, with ridges given to it for mechanical anchoring in a better way in the concrete. It holds the concrete into compression, and it is available in various types of grades, which are usually found in varying specifications in yield strength, vital tensile strength, chemical composition, and elongation percentage. It provides resistance, durability and aesthetic resistance with local resistance and stiffness that spreads through a wide area that other types of steel aren’t usually equipped in. It has immense expansion potential and comes in various sizes depending on the country and construction. With its recyclable tendencies, rebar is proven to be very useful. The grades and specifications provide varied types in rebar as well, for instance, there is plain steel wire that is used for concrete reinforcement, aside from epoxy coated steel bars for reinforcement, plain bars and rail steel deformed bars, steel and zinc coated bars, low-alloy steel, stainless steel, axel steel, welded deformed steel, fabricated deformed steel bar mats, chromium, low carbon steel bars etc.
3. Structural Steel
Structural steel shapes are made out of this kind of steel, which is formed out of a precise cross section, at the same time it follows definite standards for mechanical properties and chemical composition. Structural steel comes in various shapes like I-Beam, Z shape, HSS shape, L shape (angle), structural channel (C-beam, cross section), T shaped, Rail profile, bar, rod, plate, open joist of web steel etc. Standard structural steel varies in different countries with different specifications. For example, European I-beam is Euronorm 19-57; structural steel in USA comes in carbon, low alloy, corrosion resistant high strength low alloy, quenched and tempered alloy steel etc. Structural steel is ductile, strong, durable, and it can be morphed into almost any shape based on the construction; it can be constructed almost immediately the moment it is received at the construction site. Structural steel is fire resistant in itself but fire protection should be provided in case there is a possibility of it getting heated up to a point where it starts to lose its strength. Corrosion must be prevented when it comes to structural steel, but tall buildings are known to have withstood various kinds of calamities when built using structural steel.
Steel construction is gaining popularity all over the world and every region has benefitted due to steel throughout the years. Many of the greatest architectural wonders have been constructed through the use of steel, be it structural, carbon or rebar- aside from all of the other types of steel that are available for construction of buildings. Most importantly, the usage of steel ensures more eco friendliness than other modes of construction, and due to this factor alone it is given more preference. Taking into consideration the rate of marvellous constructions, steel has proved rather favourable. With the usage of steel increasing in construction, there is no doubt that it will take over the entire construction field soon in the future.
